How does Java handle deadlocks?

Java does not automatically handle deadlocks. Deadlocks occur when two or more threads are blocked forever, each waiting for the other to release resources. To manage deadlocks, developers must design programs carefully by:

• Avoiding circular waits: Ensure that threads acquire locks in a consistent order.
• Timeouts: Use mechanisms like tryLock with timeouts from ReentrantLock to avoid indefinite waiting.
• Deadlock detection: Manually detect deadlocks using tools like thread dumps or the ThreadMXBean API for monitoring thread activity.

Java provides tools to help, but preventing deadlocks requires careful planning in multithreaded programming.